Microbial pathogens have increasingly shown multidrug resistance posing a serious threat to the public health. Advances in\ntechnology are opening novel avenues for discovery of compounds that will mitigate the ever-increasing drug-resistant microbes.\nUse of photodynamic photosensitizer is one of the promising alternative approaches since they offer low risk of bacteria resistance\nas they use generated reactive oxygen species to kill the microbes. Phthalocyanine (Pc) is one such photosensitizer which has\nalready shown promising antimicrobial photodynamic therapeutic properties. Previous studies have shown effectiveness of the Pc\nagainst Gram-positive bacteria. However, its effectiveness toward Gram-negative bacteria is limited by the impermeability of the\nbacteria�s outer membrane which ismade up of lipopolysaccharides layer. The effectiveness of this photosensitizer is determined by\nits photophysical and photochemical properties such as singlet/triplet lifetimes, singlet oxygen quantum yields, and fluorescence\nquantumyield.Therefore, this review focuses on the recent significance advances on designing Pc that have this improved property\nby either conjugating with nanoparticles, quantum dots, functional groups in peripheral position, considering effect of cationic\ncharge, and its position on the macrocycle.
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